sábado, 18 de octubre de 2014

Para practicar la Unidad 1


 









1. Identifica los elementos del diccionario:

management:   (mnj-mnt)managerial > man·ag·er (m n-j r) s. (administrator) gerente m. f., director m. (entertainer's agent) empresario, apoderado; deportes (trainer)

 

·         management _____                          a) abreviatura                                             

 

·         (mnj-mnt)_____                            b) referencia

 

·         s. _____                                             c) entrada

 

·         deportes _____                                 d indicación regional

                    

      e) pronunciación

 

2. Selecciona en cuales palabras guías se encuentran las siguientes palabras de entrada:

a)    tool:                tongue-top ,   top-torpedo,   torpid –touch

b)    goal:               glossy- gnu.  Go- goat,  goate-golden

c)    profit:             proliferate-propaganda,  profess-proletariat,  prose-prothesis

d)    view:              via- virtual.  Vidicon- vignette,  viewy-vim

 

 

3. Completa las oraciones que aparecen más abajo con las palabras del recuadro:

Palabras guías           Palabra de entrada               Pronunciación
 Significado                Etimología                            Significado especializado
Abreviatura       

 

1. Si quieres saber cómo decir una palabra en ingles buscas la___________

2. La palabra que buscas es la__________________

3. Quieres saber de dónde se origina la palabra: la____________te da la  

    respuesta

4. La___________te indica si la palabra es un sustantivo o un verbo

5. Las_______________están ubicadas en las esquinas de cada página

6. El _____________te da el equivalente en español

7. Admon, Med son ejemplos de__________________________

 

Some have stated that the secret of concrete was lost for 13 centuries until 1756, when the British engineer John Smeaton pioneered the use of hydraulic lime in concrete, using pebbles and powdered brick as aggregate. However, the Canal du Midi was built using concrete in 1670. Likewise there are concrete structures in Finland that date back to the 16th century. Portland cement was first used in concrete in the early 1840s.
There are=hay

 

4. Escribe en inglés 10 cognados verdaderos tomados del texto anterior:

 

5. Escribe en inglés y traduce al español los siguientes cognados falsos tomados del texto:

·         lime (línea 2):

·         as (línea 3):

·         date (línea 5):

 

6. Identifica la función gramatical (sustantivo o verbo) de las siguientes palabras tomadas del texto y traduce las frases completas:

·         John Smeaton pioneered:

·         the use of:

·         using pebbles and powdered brick:

 

 

 

 

7. Completa el siguiente cuadro:

 

Cómo aparece en el texto
Cómo aparece en el diccionario
Traducción al español de acuerdo con el contexto
centuries
century
siglos
stated
 
 
using
 
 
structures
 
 
used
 
 
easily
 
 

 

 

 

8. Traduce al español las siguientes oraciones:

 

1. Engineers plan and build roadways.

 

2. Center the object within the viewing area:

 

3. Turn the Range Wheel until you notice the two distinct images:

 

4. Focus by turning the Eyepiece slowly

viernes, 19 de septiembre de 2014

funciones de tecnico en ingenieria civil

Engineering technicians help scientists and engineers solve technical problems. Engineering technicians solve technical problems in a variety of areas. Their duties are more practical and limited in scope than those of scientists and engineers. Many help scientists in research and development. Others assist engineers in production and inspection. Technicians follow engineering standards and methods and procedures set by supervisors. They take samples, collect data, perform tests, and calculate results. They also inspect projects or products. Technicians may prepare drawings, research documents and records, and help write reports. Engineering technologists handle the technical side of making a product. They prepare drawings and write reports. They also supervise the work of technicians and craftworkers, and oversee manufacturing or construction activities. Technologists who work for manufacturers may develop new products. They solve production problems. They must also test products for quality. Most engineering technicians and technologists use computers and do computer-aided design. They may do basic computer programming. Most of the engineering specialties employ technicians and technologists. Chemical engineering technicians design, install, test, monitor, and adjust equipment. They work in industries that make drugs, chemicals, and petroleum products. Civil engineering technicians help engineers plan and build roadways and structures. They also inspect water and wastewater treatment systems. Electronic engineering technicians design, develop, repair, manufacture, test, and adjust equipment. This equipment includes radios, radar, sonar, television, industrial and medical measuring or control devices, navigational equipment, and computers. Industrial engineering technicians study, plan, and analyze production costs of personnel, materials, and machines. They work in factories, stores, repair shops, and offices. Mechanical engineering technicians help design, develop, test, inspect, and manufacture machinery and industrial robotics. Engineering Technicians is in the Engineering, Science, and Technologies Career Cluster. Worker Characteristics • Good ability to look at a drawing and mentally visualize what the finished object will look like • Good ability to see details in pictures and blueprints • Good ability to understand and use words when talking or writing • Good ability to work with numbers • Ability to gather details from spoken or written material • Ability to coordinate the movement of eyes and hands while assembling products • Ability to make decisions and solve problems • Ability to move the fingers rapidly while attaching parts • Ability to move the hands easily and skillfully while working on products • Ability to create a product that meets certain levels of performance Engineering technicians should be creative in design work. The ability to work well with others is important. Physical Demands • Frequently need to see nearby objects clearly, such as different screws • Frequently use arms and hands reach for and handle objects, such as screwdrivers • Frequently use fingers to pick up small items, such as nuts and bolts • Frequently lift and move objects that weigh up to ten pounds • Occasionally lift and move objects that weigh up to 20 pounds • Occasionally climb, balance, kneel, and crouch while working • Occasionally judge the distance between objects • Occasionally use touch to determine whether two parts are put together correctly • Occasionally talk and listen to others • Occasionally need to tell the difference between colors • Occasionally need to see distant objects clearly Work Setting Engineering technicians usually work indoors. They may do some outdoor inspections and surveys. Most engineering technicians work regular hours in offices, laboratories, electronics shops, industrial plants, or construction sites. Construction sites may be noisy and wet. They are cold in winter and hot in summer. Engineering technicians are occasionally exposed to the weather. They may sometimes be exposed to electrical shock. They work as part of a team, responding to directions of engineers and scientists. They also work independently, drawing conclusions based on observations and tests. Long hours are common when doing fieldwork. Some travel to customers' businesses. Hazards include exposure to electrical shock, eyestrain from computer use, and exposure to fumes and chemicals. Many belong to the American Society of Certified Engineering Technicians.

Bienvenida

 

Bienvenido a este blog educativo, donde encontrarás material en Inglés referente a la especialidad de Construcción Civil. Aquí tendrás acceso a textos, ejercicios, videos y diapositivas. Espero que te sirva de mucha ayuda. Buena Suerte!!!!!!!!!!!
  

 

martes, 16 de septiembre de 2014

uso del diccionario bilingue

 
 
 




 
 El diccionario bilingüe es aquel que ofrece dos listas alfabéticas de términos, una en cada uno de los idiomas de los que se ocupa, y traduce los significados. Adicionalmente se utiliza para conocer el uso de la palabra y su ortografía, así como su función gramatical. El diccionario bilingüe está dividido en dos partes, la primera contiene las palabras en un idioma y a continuación su significado en el otro (español – inglés). En la segunda parte, los idiomas se invierten (inglés – español). Algunos presentan listas de verbos, vocabulario o gramática. Son muy útiles los diccionarios que tienen la pronunciación. Ésta consiste en la trascripción al español de los sonidos de la palabra que requieres en inglés y viceversa. El diccionario también te indica la función gramatical de la palabra que buscas, es decir, si es sustantivo, verbo, adjetivo o adverbio. No ignores esa información. No te conformes con la primera definición del diccionario, estudia todas las definiciones y elije la más adecuada a cada situación o contexto.


ELEMENTOS DEL DICCIONARIO BILINGÜE
 
 
 
 
 
En primer lugar, aparece la palabra que buscas en negritas, es decir, la entrada. Luego, algunos diccionarios indican la pronunciación de esa entrada, y además, las abreviaturas que señalan la función que cumple esa palabra en la oración. Esta función se refiere a la categoría gramatical, como lo es el nombre, el verbo, el adjetivo, la preposición, el artículo. En inglés, las palabras pueden pertenecer a distintas categorías gramaticales de acuerdo a la posición que ocupan en la oración. Es así como la palabra arm, por ejemplo, en inglés tiene distintos significados porque cumple diferentes funciones gramaticales, como puede observarse en el siguiente cuadro



 
arm [αrm] s. (anatomy) brazo; (weapon) arma; - in - de bracete, de bracero, Ríopl., Cuba de brazo, de brazos; at -‘s length a una brazada; with open -s con los brazos abiertos; v. armar(se).
                                                         
 
                                                                              Taken from: The University of Chicago Spanish Dictionary


Donde:

: arm: palabra entrada`
[arm]: pronunciación
(anatomy)/ (weapon) referencia
s. / v. : abreviaturas
with open -s/ -in- / at -`s length: expresionbes idiomáticas

Riopl. / Cuba: indicación regional
 

viernes, 12 de septiembre de 2014

ejercicios sobre referentes

Referentes. Ejercicios

Identifica los referentes en el siguiente texto:
 
a) which (línea 2) se refiere a: ________

b) them (línea 2) se refiere a: _________

c) they (línea 4) se refiere a: __________

d) its (línea 5) se refiere a: __________

f) it (línea 15) se refiere a: __________

Roman cement: Concrete has been used as a construction material for centuries. Before 100 B.C. the Romans had developed an excellent concrete which enabled them to erect vast structures and works of engineering.
         On the slopes of Mt. Vesuvius and in extinct volcanic areas near Rome they found a light, porous volcanic rock. Its rough surface formed a good bond for cementitious material (a substance capable of acting as a cement), or mortar. The cement was prepared from a mixture of lime and a volcanic ash called pozzolana, named after the village of Pozzuoli near Mt. Vesuvius. When the pozzolana was mixed with limestone and burned, the resulting material, ground and mixed with water, gave a cement of unprecedented strength. Roman cement was a hydraulic cement, one that will harden under water.  This cement, mixed with small pieces of volcanic rock, formed a lasting concrete.
         As the Roman Empire expanded the knowledge of concrete spread throughout Europe and Asia. The quality of the concrete had to be determined by extensive trial and error. It varied from area to area, depending on the purity and composition of the available raw materials.

ejercicios sobre función gramatical

Ejercicios:

Identifica la función gramatical de las palabras en negritas y traduce al español las oraciones:


1.    Alberto hurt his arm with a machine. ___________________________________________


2.    Those lawyers bought their arms in Colombia. _____________________________________


3.    Terrorists arm themselves with a lot of guns._______________________________________



4. They will paper their walls on Christmas.__________________________________________

 

5. He will use that paper for his speech.____________________________________________

 
 

verbos en inglés

VERBOS EN INGLÉS


 

INFINITIVO
PASADO SIMPLE
PARTICIPIO PASADO
TRADUCCIÓN
Arise
Arose
Arisen
Surgir, Levantarse
Awake
Awoke
Awoken
Despertarse
Be/ am, are, is
Was / Were
Been
Ser / Estar
Bear
Bore
Borne / Born
Soportar, dar a luz
Beat
Beat
Beaten
Golpear
Become
Became
Become
Llegar a Ser
Begin
Began
Begun
Empezar
Bend
Bent
Bent
Doblar
Bet
Bet
Bet
Apostar
Bind
Bound
Bound
Atar, encuadernar
Bid
Bid
Bid
Pujar
Bite
Bit
Bitten
Morder
Bleed
Bled
Bled
Sangrar
Blow
Blew
Blown
Soplar
Break
Broke
Broken
Romper
Breed
Bred
Bred
Criar
Bring
Brought
Brought
Traer Llevar
Broadcast
Broadcast
Broadcast
Radiar
Build
Built
Built
Edificar
Burn
Burnt /Burned
Burnt / Burned
Quemar
Burst
Burst
Burst
Reventar
Buy
Bought
Bought
Comprar
Cast
Cast
Cast
Arrojar
Catch
Caught
Caught
Coger
Come
Came
Come
Venir
Cost
Cost
Cost
Costar
Cut
Cut
Cut
Cortar
Choose
Chose
Chosen
Elegir
Cling
Clung
Clung
Agarrarse
Creep
Crept
Crept
Arrastrarse
Deal
Dealt
Dealt
Tratar
Dig
Dug
Dug
Cavar
Do (Does)
Did
Done
Hacer
Draw
Drew
Drawn
Dibujar
Dream
Dreamt / Dreamed
Dreamt / Dreamed
Soñar
Drink
Drank
Drunk
Beber
Drive
Drove
Driven
Conducir
Eat
Ate
Eaten
Comer
Fall
Fell
Fallen
Caer
Feed
Fed
Fed
Alimentar
Feel
Felt
Felt
Sentir
Fight
Fought
Fought
Luchar
Find
Found
Found
Encontrar
Flee
Fled
Fled
Huir
Fly
Flew
Flown
Volar
Forbid
Forbade
Forbidden
Prohibir
Forget
Forgot
Forgotten
Olvidar
Forgive
Forgave
Forgiven
Perdonar
Freeze
Froze
Frozen
Helar
Get
Got
Got / Gotten
Obtener
Give
Gave
Given
Dar
Go (Goes)
Went
Gone
Ir
Grow
Grew
Grown
Crecer
Grind
Ground
Ground
Moler
Hang
Hung
Hung
Colgar
Have
Had
Had
Haber o Tener
Hear
Heard
Heard
Oir
Hide
Hid
Hidden
Ocultar
Hit
Hit
Hit
Golpear
Hold
Held
Held
Agarrar Celebrar
Hurt
Hurt
Hurt
Herir
Keep
Kept
Kept
Conservar
Know
Knew
Known
Saber Conocer
Kneel
Knelt
Knelt
Arrodillarse
Knit
Knit
Knit
Hacer punto
Lay
Laid
Laid
Poner
Lead
Led
Led
Conducir
Lean
Leant
Leant
Apoyarse
Leap
Leapt
Leapt
Brincar
Learn
Learnt / Learned
Learnt / Learned
Aprender
Leave
Left
Left
Dejar
Lend
Lent
Lent
Prestar
Let
Let
Let
Permitir
Lie
Lay
Lain
Echarse
Light
Lit
Lit
Encender
Lose
Lost
Lost
Perder
Make
Made
Made
Hacer
Mean
Meant
Meant
Significar
Meet
Met
Met
Encontrar
Mistake
Mistook
Mistaken
Equivocar
Overcome
Overcame
Overcome
Vencer
Pay
Paid
Paid
Pagar
Put
Put
Put
Poner
Read
Read
Read
Leer
Ride
Rode
Ridden
Montar
Ring
Rang
Rung
Llamar
Rise
Rose
Risen
Levantarse
Run
Ran
Run
Correr
Say
Said
Said
Decir
See
Saw
Seen
Ver
Seek
Sought
Sought
Buscar
Sell
Sold
Sold
Vender
Send
Sent
Sent
Enviar
Set
Set
Set
Poner(se)
Sew
Sewed
Sewed / Sewn
Coser
Shake
Shook
Shaken
Sacudir
Shear
Shore
Shorn
Esquilar
Shine
Shone
Shone
Brillar
Shoot
Shot
Shot
Disparar
Show
Showed
Shown
Mostrar
Shrink
Shrank
Shrunk
Encogerse
Shut
Shut
Shut
Cerrar
Sing
Sang
Sung
Cantar
Sink
Sank
Sunk
Hundir
Sit
Sat
Sat
Sentarse
Sleep
Slept
Slept
Dormir
Slide
Slid
Slid
Resbalar
Smell
Smelt
Smelt
Oler
Sow
Sowed
Sowed / Sown
Sembrar
Speak
Spoke
Spoken
Hablar
Speed
Sped
Sped
Acelerar
Spell
Spelt
Spelt
Deletrear
Spend
Spent
Spent
Gastar
Spill
Spilt / Spilled
Spilt / Spilled
Derramar
Spin
Spun
Spun
Hilar
Spit
Spat
Spat
Escupir
Split
Split
Split
Hender / partir / rajar
Spoil
Spoilt / Spoiled
Spoilt / Spoiled
Estropear
Spread
Spread
Spread
Extender
Spring
Sprang
Sprung
Saltar
Stand
Stood
Stood
Estar en pie
Steal
Stole
Stolen
Robar
Stick
Stuck
Stuck
Pegar Engomar
Sting
Stung
Stung
Picar
Stink
Stank/Stunk
Stunk
Apestar
Stride
Strode
Stridden
Dar zancadas
Strike
Struck
Struck
Golpear
Swear
Swore
Sworn
Jurar
Sweat
Sweat
Sweat
Sudar
Sweep
Swept
Swept
Barrer
Swell
Swelled
Swollen
Hinchar
Swim
Swam
Swum
Nadar
Swing
Swung
Swung
Columpiarse
Take
Took
Taken
Coger
Teach
Taught
Taught
Enseñar
Tear
Tore
Torn
Rasgar
Tell
Told
Told
Decir
Think
Thought
Thought
Pensar
Throw
Threw
Thrown
Arrojar Tirar
Thrust
Thrust
Thrust
Introducir
Tread
Trod
Trodden
Pisar, hollar
Understand
Understood
Understood
Entender
Undergo
Underwent
Undergone
Sufrir
Undertake
Undertook
Undertaken
Emprender
Wake
Woke
Woken
Despertarse
Wear
Wore
Worn
Llevar puesto
Weave
Wove
Woven
Tejer
Weep
Wept
Wept
Llorar
Wet
Wet
Wet
Mojar
Win
Won
Won
Ganar
Wind
Wound
Wound
Enrollar
Withdraw
Withdrew
Withdrawn
Retirarse
Wring
Wrung
Wrung
Torcer
Write
Wrote
Written
Escribir