Para practicar la Unidad 1

 

1. Identifica los elementos del diccionario:

management:   (mnj-mnt)managerial > man·ag·er (m n-j r) s. (administrator) gerente m. f., director m. (entertainer's agent) empresario, apoderado; deportes (trainer)

 

·         management _____                          a) abreviatura                                             

 

·         (mnj-mnt)_____                            b) referencia

 

·         s. _____                                             c) entrada

 

·         deportes _____                                 d indicación regional

                    

      e) pronunciación

 

2. Selecciona en cuales palabras guías se encuentran las siguientes palabras de entrada:

a)    tool:                tongue-top ,   top-torpedo,   torpid –touch

b)    goal:               glossy- gnu.  Go- goat,  goate-golden

c)    profit:             proliferate-propaganda,  profess-proletariat,  prose-prothesis

d)    view:              via- virtual.  Vidicon- vignette,  viewy-vim

 

 

3. Completa las oraciones que aparecen más abajo con las palabras del recuadro:

Palabras guías           Palabra de entrada               Pronunciación  Significado                Etimología                            Significado especializado Abreviatura

 

1. Si quieres saber cómo decir una palabra en ingles buscas la___________

2. La palabra que buscas es la__________________

3. Quieres saber de dónde se origina la palabra: la____________te da la  

    respuesta

4. La___________te indica si la palabra es un sustantivo o un verbo

5. Las_______________están ubicadas en las esquinas de cada página

6. El _____________te da el equivalente en español

7. Admon, Med son ejemplos de__________________________

 

Some have stated that the secret of concrete was lost for 13 centuries until 1756, when the British engineer John Smeaton pioneered the use of hydraulic lime in concrete, using pebbles and powdered brick as aggregate. However, the Canal du Midi was built using concrete in 1670. Likewise there are concrete structures in Finland that date back to the 16th century. Portland cement was first used in concrete in the early 1840s.

There are=hay

 

4. Escribe en inglés 10 cognados verdaderos tomados del texto anterior:

 

5. Escribe en inglés y traduce al español los siguientes cognados falsos tomados del texto:

·         lime (línea 2):

·         as (línea 3):

·         date (línea 5):

 

6. Identifica la función gramatical (sustantivo o verbo) de las siguientes palabras tomadas del texto y traduce las frases completas:

·         John Smeaton pioneered:

·         the use of:

·         using pebbles and powdered brick:

 

 

 

 

7. Completa el siguiente cuadro:

 

Cómo aparece en el texto	Cómo aparece en el diccionario	Traducción al español de acuerdo con el contexto
centuries	century	siglos
stated
using
structures
used
easily

 

 

 

8. Traduce al español las siguientes oraciones:

 

1. Engineers plan and build roadways.

 

2. Center the object within the viewing area:

 

3. Turn the Range Wheel until you notice the two distinct images:

 

4. Focus by turning the Eyepiece slowly

funciones de tecnico en ingenieria civil

Engineering technicians help scientists and engineers solve technical problems. Engineering technicians solve technical problems in a variety of areas. Their duties are more practical and limited in scope than those of scientists and engineers. Many help scientists in research and development. Others assist engineers in production and inspection. Technicians follow engineering standards and methods and procedures set by supervisors. They take samples, collect data, perform tests, and calculate results. They also inspect projects or products. Technicians may prepare drawings, research documents and records, and help write reports. Engineering technologists handle the technical side of making a product. They prepare drawings and write reports. They also supervise the work of technicians and craftworkers, and oversee manufacturing or construction activities. Technologists who work for manufacturers may develop new products. They solve production problems. They must also test products for quality. Most engineering technicians and technologists use computers and do computer-aided design. They may do basic computer programming. Most of the engineering specialties employ technicians and technologists. Chemical engineering technicians design, install, test, monitor, and adjust equipment. They work in industries that make drugs, chemicals, and petroleum products. Civil engineering technicians help engineers plan and build roadways and structures. They also inspect water and wastewater treatment systems. Electronic engineering technicians design, develop, repair, manufacture, test, and adjust equipment. This equipment includes radios, radar, sonar, television, industrial and medical measuring or control devices, navigational equipment, and computers. Industrial engineering technicians study, plan, and analyze production costs of personnel, materials, and machines. They work in factories, stores, repair shops, and offices. Mechanical engineering technicians help design, develop, test, inspect, and manufacture machinery and industrial robotics. Engineering Technicians is in the Engineering, Science, and Technologies Career Cluster. Worker Characteristics • Good ability to look at a drawing and mentally visualize what the finished object will look like • Good ability to see details in pictures and blueprints • Good ability to understand and use words when talking or writing • Good ability to work with numbers • Ability to gather details from spoken or written material • Ability to coordinate the movement of eyes and hands while assembling products • Ability to make decisions and solve problems • Ability to move the fingers rapidly while attaching parts • Ability to move the hands easily and skillfully while working on products • Ability to create a product that meets certain levels of performance Engineering technicians should be creative in design work. The ability to work well with others is important. Physical Demands • Frequently need to see nearby objects clearly, such as different screws • Frequently use arms and hands reach for and handle objects, such as screwdrivers • Frequently use fingers to pick up small items, such as nuts and bolts • Frequently lift and move objects that weigh up to ten pounds • Occasionally lift and move objects that weigh up to 20 pounds • Occasionally climb, balance, kneel, and crouch while working • Occasionally judge the distance between objects • Occasionally use touch to determine whether two parts are put together correctly • Occasionally talk and listen to others • Occasionally need to tell the difference between colors • Occasionally need to see distant objects clearly Work Setting Engineering technicians usually work indoors. They may do some outdoor inspections and surveys. Most engineering technicians work regular hours in offices, laboratories, electronics shops, industrial plants, or construction sites. Construction sites may be noisy and wet. They are cold in winter and hot in summer. Engineering technicians are occasionally exposed to the weather. They may sometimes be exposed to electrical shock. They work as part of a team, responding to directions of engineers and scientists. They also work independently, drawing conclusions based on observations and tests. Long hours are common when doing fieldwork. Some travel to customers' businesses. Hazards include exposure to electrical shock, eyestrain from computer use, and exposure to fumes and chemicals. Many belong to the American Society of Certified Engineering Technicians.

Bienvenida

 

Bienvenido a este blog educativo, donde encontrarás material en Inglés referente a la especialidad de Construcción Civil. Aquí tendrás acceso a textos, ejercicios, videos y diapositivas. Espero que te sirva de mucha ayuda. Buena Suerte!!!!!!!!!!!

  

 

uso del diccionario bilingue

 

 

 

 

 El diccionario bilingüe es aquel que ofrece dos listas alfabéticas de términos, una en cada uno de los idiomas de los que se ocupa, y traduce los significados. Adicionalmente se utiliza para conocer el uso de la palabra y su ortografía, así como su función gramatical. El diccionario bilingüe está dividido en dos partes, la primera contiene las palabras en un idioma y a continuación su significado en el otro (español – inglés). En la segunda parte, los idiomas se invierten (inglés – español). Algunos presentan listas de verbos, vocabulario o gramática. Son muy útiles los diccionarios que tienen la pronunciación. Ésta consiste en la trascripción al español de los sonidos de la palabra que requieres en inglés y viceversa. El diccionario también te indica la función gramatical de la palabra que buscas, es decir, si es sustantivo, verbo, adjetivo o adverbio. No ignores esa información. No te conformes con la primera definición del diccionario, estudia todas las definiciones y elije la más adecuada a cada situación o contexto.

ELEMENTOS DEL DICCIONARIO BILINGÜE

 

 

 

 

 

En primer lugar, aparece la palabra que buscas en negritas, es decir, la entrada. Luego, algunos diccionarios indican la pronunciación de esa entrada, y además, las abreviaturas que señalan la función que cumple esa palabra en la oración. Esta función se refiere a la categoría gramatical, como lo es el nombre, el verbo, el adjetivo, la preposición, el artículo. En inglés, las palabras pueden pertenecer a distintas categorías gramaticales de acuerdo a la posición que ocupan en la oración. Es así como la palabra arm, por ejemplo, en inglés tiene distintos significados porque cumple diferentes funciones gramaticales, como puede observarse en el siguiente cuadro

 

arm [αrm] s. (anatomy) brazo; (weapon) arma; - in - de bracete, de bracero, Ríopl., Cuba de brazo, de brazos; at -‘s length a una brazada; with open -s con los brazos abiertos; v. armar(se).

                                                         

 

                                                                              Taken from: The University of Chicago Spanish Dictionary

Donde:

: arm: palabra entrada`
[arm]: pronunciación
(anatomy)/ (weapon) referencia
s. / v. : abreviaturas
with open -s/ -in- / at -`s length: expresionbes idiomáticas

Riopl. / Cuba: indicación regional

 

ejercicios sobre referentes

Referentes. Ejercicios

Identifica los referentes en el siguiente texto:
 
a) which (línea 2) se refiere a: ________

b) them (línea 2) se refiere a: _________

c) they (línea 4) se refiere a: __________

d) its (línea 5) se refiere a: __________

f) it (línea 15) se refiere a: __________

Roman cement: Concrete has been used as a construction material for centuries. Before 100 B.C. the Romans had developed an excellent concrete which enabled them to erect vast structures and works of engineering.

         On the slopes of Mt. Vesuvius and in extinct volcanic areas near Rome they found a light, porous volcanic rock. Its rough surface formed a good bond for cementitious material (a substance capable of acting as a cement), or mortar. The cement was prepared from a mixture of lime and a volcanic ash called pozzolana, named after the village of Pozzuoli near Mt. Vesuvius. When the pozzolana was mixed with limestone and burned, the resulting material, ground and mixed with water, gave a cement of unprecedented strength. Roman cement was a hydraulic cement, one that will harden under water.  This cement, mixed with small pieces of volcanic rock, formed a lasting concrete.

         As the Roman Empire expanded the knowledge of concrete spread throughout Europe and Asia. The quality of the concrete had to be determined by extensive trial and error. It varied from area to area, depending on the purity and composition of the available raw materials.

ejercicios sobre función gramatical

Ejercicios:

Identifica la función gramatical de las palabras en negritas y traduce al español las oraciones:


1.    Alberto hurt his arm with a machine. ___________________________________________


2.    Those lawyers bought their arms in Colombia. _____________________________________


3.    Terrorists arm themselves with a lot of guns._______________________________________



4. They will paper their walls on Christmas.__________________________________________

 

5. He will use that paper for his speech.____________________________________________

 

 

verbos en inglés

VERBOS EN INGLÉS

 

INFINITIVO	PASADO SIMPLE	PARTICIPIO PASADO	TRADUCCIÓN
Arise	Arose	Arisen	Surgir, Levantarse
Awake	Awoke	Awoken	Despertarse
Be/ am, are, is	Was / Were	Been	Ser / Estar
Bear	Bore	Borne / Born	Soportar, dar a luz
Beat	Beat	Beaten	Golpear
Become	Became	Become	Llegar a Ser
Begin	Began	Begun	Empezar
Bend	Bent	Bent	Doblar
Bet	Bet	Bet	Apostar
Bind	Bound	Bound	Atar, encuadernar
Bid	Bid	Bid	Pujar
Bite	Bit	Bitten	Morder
Bleed	Bled	Bled	Sangrar
Blow	Blew	Blown	Soplar
Break	Broke	Broken	Romper
Breed	Bred	Bred	Criar
Bring	Brought	Brought	Traer Llevar
Broadcast	Broadcast	Broadcast	Radiar
Build	Built	Built	Edificar
Burn	Burnt /Burned	Burnt / Burned	Quemar
Burst	Burst	Burst	Reventar
Buy	Bought	Bought	Comprar
Cast	Cast	Cast	Arrojar
Catch	Caught	Caught	Coger
Come	Came	Come	Venir
Cost	Cost	Cost	Costar
Cut	Cut	Cut	Cortar
Choose	Chose	Chosen	Elegir
Cling	Clung	Clung	Agarrarse
Creep	Crept	Crept	Arrastrarse
Deal	Dealt	Dealt	Tratar
Dig	Dug	Dug	Cavar
Do (Does)	Did	Done	Hacer
Draw	Drew	Drawn	Dibujar
Dream	Dreamt / Dreamed	Dreamt / Dreamed	Soñar
Drink	Drank	Drunk	Beber
Drive	Drove	Driven	Conducir
Eat	Ate	Eaten	Comer
Fall	Fell	Fallen	Caer
Feed	Fed	Fed	Alimentar
Feel	Felt	Felt	Sentir
Fight	Fought	Fought	Luchar
Find	Found	Found	Encontrar
Flee	Fled	Fled	Huir
Fly	Flew	Flown	Volar
Forbid	Forbade	Forbidden	Prohibir
Forget	Forgot	Forgotten	Olvidar
Forgive	Forgave	Forgiven	Perdonar
Freeze	Froze	Frozen	Helar
Get	Got	Got / Gotten	Obtener
Give	Gave	Given	Dar
Go (Goes)	Went	Gone	Ir
Grow	Grew	Grown	Crecer
Grind	Ground	Ground	Moler
Hang	Hung	Hung	Colgar
Have	Had	Had	Haber o Tener
Hear	Heard	Heard	Oir
Hide	Hid	Hidden	Ocultar
Hit	Hit	Hit	Golpear
Hold	Held	Held	Agarrar Celebrar
Hurt	Hurt	Hurt	Herir
Keep	Kept	Kept	Conservar
Know	Knew	Known	Saber Conocer
Kneel	Knelt	Knelt	Arrodillarse
Knit	Knit	Knit	Hacer punto
Lay	Laid	Laid	Poner
Lead	Led	Led	Conducir
Lean	Leant	Leant	Apoyarse
Leap	Leapt	Leapt	Brincar
Learn	Learnt / Learned	Learnt / Learned	Aprender
Leave	Left	Left	Dejar
Lend	Lent	Lent	Prestar
Let	Let	Let	Permitir
Lie	Lay	Lain	Echarse
Light	Lit	Lit	Encender
Lose	Lost	Lost	Perder
Make	Made	Made	Hacer
Mean	Meant	Meant	Significar
Meet	Met	Met	Encontrar
Mistake	Mistook	Mistaken	Equivocar
Overcome	Overcame	Overcome	Vencer
Pay	Paid	Paid	Pagar
Put	Put	Put	Poner
Read	Read	Read	Leer
Ride	Rode	Ridden	Montar
Ring	Rang	Rung	Llamar
Rise	Rose	Risen	Levantarse
Run	Ran	Run	Correr
Say	Said	Said	Decir
See	Saw	Seen	Ver
Seek	Sought	Sought	Buscar
Sell	Sold	Sold	Vender
Send	Sent	Sent	Enviar
Set	Set	Set	Poner(se)
Sew	Sewed	Sewed / Sewn	Coser
Shake	Shook	Shaken	Sacudir
Shear	Shore	Shorn	Esquilar
Shine	Shone	Shone	Brillar
Shoot	Shot	Shot	Disparar
Show	Showed	Shown	Mostrar
Shrink	Shrank	Shrunk	Encogerse
Shut	Shut	Shut	Cerrar
Sing	Sang	Sung	Cantar
Sink	Sank	Sunk	Hundir
Sit	Sat	Sat	Sentarse
Sleep	Slept	Slept	Dormir
Slide	Slid	Slid	Resbalar
Smell	Smelt	Smelt	Oler
Sow	Sowed	Sowed / Sown	Sembrar
Speak	Spoke	Spoken	Hablar
Speed	Sped	Sped	Acelerar
Spell	Spelt	Spelt	Deletrear
Spend	Spent	Spent	Gastar
Spill	Spilt / Spilled	Spilt / Spilled	Derramar
Spin	Spun	Spun	Hilar
Spit	Spat	Spat	Escupir
Split	Split	Split	Hender / partir / rajar
Spoil	Spoilt / Spoiled	Spoilt / Spoiled	Estropear
Spread	Spread	Spread	Extender
Spring	Sprang	Sprung	Saltar
Stand	Stood	Stood	Estar en pie
Steal	Stole	Stolen	Robar
Stick	Stuck	Stuck	Pegar Engomar
Sting	Stung	Stung	Picar
Stink	Stank/Stunk	Stunk	Apestar
Stride	Strode	Stridden	Dar zancadas
Strike	Struck	Struck	Golpear
Swear	Swore	Sworn	Jurar
Sweat	Sweat	Sweat	Sudar
Sweep	Swept	Swept	Barrer
Swell	Swelled	Swollen	Hinchar
Swim	Swam	Swum	Nadar
Swing	Swung	Swung	Columpiarse
Take	Took	Taken	Coger
Teach	Taught	Taught	Enseñar
Tear	Tore	Torn	Rasgar
Tell	Told	Told	Decir
Think	Thought	Thought	Pensar
Throw	Threw	Thrown	Arrojar Tirar
Thrust	Thrust	Thrust	Introducir
Tread	Trod	Trodden	Pisar, hollar
Understand	Understood	Understood	Entender
Undergo	Underwent	Undergone	Sufrir
Undertake	Undertook	Undertaken	Emprender
Wake	Woke	Woken	Despertarse
Wear	Wore	Worn	Llevar puesto
Weave	Wove	Woven	Tejer
Weep	Wept	Wept	Llorar
Wet	Wet	Wet	Mojar
Win	Won	Won	Ganar
Wind	Wound	Wound	Enrollar
Withdraw	Withdrew	Withdrawn	Retirarse
Wring	Wrung	Wrung	Torcer
Write	Wrote	Written	Escribir